What is the Tornado Scale?
The Tornado Scale, officially known as the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale, is a system used to categorize tornadoes based on their wind speeds and the damage they cause. This scale helps meteorologists, emergency responders, and the public understand the severity of tornadoes and prepare accordingly.
The EF Scale, introduced in 2007, is an updated version of the original Fujita Scale developed by Dr. Tetsuya Fujita in 1971. It provides a more accurate assessment of tornado strength by correlating wind speeds with structural damage. The scale ranges from EF0 (weakest) to EF5 (strongest):
- EF0 (65-85 mph) – Light damage; broken tree branches, minor roof damage.
- EF1 (86-110 mph) – Moderate damage; shingles removed, mobile homes overturned.
- EF2 (111-135 mph) – Considerable damage; roofs torn off, large trees uprooted.
- EF3 (136-165 mph) – Severe damage; houses destroyed, trains overturned.
- EF4 (166-200 mph) – Devastating damage; well-built homes leveled, cars thrown.
- EF5 (over 200 mph) – Incredible damage; houses swept away, objects become deadly missiles.
Understanding the Tornado Scale is crucial for safety planning, storm shelter preparation, and assessing the risk of severe weather events. Tornado shelters and safe rooms designed to withstand EF4 and EF5 tornadoes provide the best protection for families and businesses.