What is Shear?

Shear, or wind shear, refers to a rapid change in wind speed or direction over a short distance. It can occur at any altitude and is a critical factor in severe weather, including thunderstorms and tornadoes.

In storm formation, strong wind shear can either suppress or intensify thunderstorms. When wind shear tilts a storm’s updraft, it helps sustain severe thunderstorms and can lead to the development of supercells—rotating storms that often produce tornadoes.

Shear is particularly dangerous near the ground, where sudden shifts in wind speed and direction can cause turbulence, making air travel hazardous. It is also a key ingredient in tornado formation, as changes in wind direction create rotation within a storm, potentially leading to a funnel cloud.

For homeowners and businesses in tornado-prone areas, understanding shear is crucial for preparedness. Installing a storm shelter or safe room provides protection against extreme wind events, which are often intensified by strong shear conditions.