What is a Multiple-Vortex Tornado?

A multiple-vortex tornado is a type of tornado that contains two or more smaller vortices, or subvortices, rotating around the main tornado circulation. These smaller vortices can form and dissipate rapidly, making the tornado highly unpredictable and more destructive.

These vortices are usually seen in large, powerful tornadoes classified as EF3 or higher on the Enhanced Fujita scale. The subvortices tend to develop in the strongest part of the tornado, often near the base, where wind speeds are at their peak.

The presence of multiple vortices can cause extreme variations in wind speed and damage, with some areas experiencing total destruction while others nearby may be left relatively untouched. This explains why tornado damage sometimes appears erratic, with some buildings demolished while others remain standing.

People seeking shelter from a multiple-vortex tornado should be aware that its shifting vortices can intensify wind speeds in localized areas, making reinforced storm shelters and safe rooms essential for protection.